Energy expenditure in early infancy.

Relationship between breast feeding in infancy with blood pressure in early

Introduction: Recent studies have shown that breast feeding reduces blood pressure (BP) in childhood, but association of breast feeding and BP in adulthood is not clear. The aim of this study was to evaluate association between breast feeding in infancy with BP in early adult life. Methods: This cross-sectional study was done through random sampling on 384 students aged 18-32 years in Azad un...

Energy requirements of infants and children.

The energy requirements of infants and children are defined as the amount of food energy needed to balance total energy expenditure (TEE) at a desirable level of physical activity, and to support optimal growth and development. New TEE data from doubly labeled water and heart rate monitoring are available to derive the energy requirements. Compared with the 1985 FAO/WHO/UNU recommendations, the...

Breast Milk Hormones and Regulation of Glucose Homeostasis

Growing evidence suggests that a complex relationship exists between the central nervous system and peripheral organs involved in energy homeostasis. It consists in the balance between food intake and energy expenditure and includes the regulation of nutrient levels in storage organs, as well as in blood, in particular blood glucose. Therefore, food intake, energy expenditure, and glucose homeo...

Estimation of the energy cost of physical activity in infancy.

OBJECTIVE To estimate physical activity energy expenditure (AEE) in groups of free living infants in the first year of life. DESIGN Mixed longitudinal study of 124 healthy infants, using 232 estimations of AEE made between 1.5 and 12 months. Infants studied at more than one time point were treated as new cross sectional data points. Total energy expenditure and body composition were estimated...

Relationship between Energy Expenditure Related Factors and Oxidative Stress in Follicular Fluid